Abstract

MORALES PEREZ, Clara; FRESNEDA SEPTIEN, Gloria  and  GUANCHE GARCELL, Humberto. Prevalencia puntual de infección nosocomial. Rev Cubana Enfermer [online]. 2001, vol.17, n.2, pp. 84-89. ISSN 1561-2961.

Nosocomial infections (NI) are a problem for health institutions and an indicator of the quality of care to patients. To determine the rate of NI prevalence and the quality of reporting, the following epidemiological research work was performed. Two studies of point prevalence were conducted on August 8-9,1999 and 17-18 March,2000 in "Joaquín Albarrán" Teaching Clinical and Surgical Hospital. NI rates and their performance by type and service as well as risks in terms of procedures and quality of reporting were determined. IN prevalence rates were 6.2% (august 1999) and 8.1% (march 2000) cases per 200 inpatients. The highest rates went to therapies and surgical services. The blood stream sepsis was the most reported in both studies (32,5% and 53.1% respectively). Likewise, surgical site sepsis was frequently reported in both studies. Urinary tract sepsis and respiratory tract sepsis were the most reported ones in March, 2000. Generally speaking, all the procedures, except for central venous catheterism, presented a significantly high RR, higher for endotracheal intubation, closed urinary catheterism and venipuncture. The surveillance systems had only reported 32.1% of patients with nosocomial infections. The prevalence of nosocomial infections, which was higher in the study performed in March 2000, and the poor quality of reporting of such infections were proved.

Keywords : PREVALENCE; CROSS INFECTION [epidemiology]; CROSS INFECTION [prevention and control]; DISEASE NOTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEILLANCE.

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