Abstract

HERNANDEZ FALCON, Daylín; MARRERO RIVERON, Luis Oscar  and  LEDEA LOZANO, Oscar E. Use of nuclear medicine and imaging techniques in disorders of the bone system. Rev Cubana Ortop Traumatol [online]. 2012, vol.26, n.2, pp. 190-212. ISSN 0864-215X.

Nuclear medicine is the medical specialty that deals with clinical diagnosis, treatment and research through the use of isotopes as open sources. Bone diseases such as osteoporosis, primary bone cancer, bone metastases, arthrosis and arthritis are common among the population. The objective of this review was to present international and national statistics, and evaluate the incidence of these disorders. Additionally, a review was conducted of various clinical studies to identify the radiopharmaceuticals most frequently used to diagnose and treat bone disease, and their combination with the most common imaging techniques. A presentation was made of the usefulness of bone gammagraphy and the confirmation of the disorders studied. Reference was also made to the use of new techniques such as single photon emission tomography or positron emission tomography. It was found that the radioisotope most commonly used to diagnose diseases of the bone system was ^99mTc, due to its physical and chemical characteristics, whereas ¹⁸⁶Re, ¹⁸⁸Re, ¹⁵³Sm, ¹⁷⁷Lu, ³²P, ⁸⁹Sr, ⁸⁵Sr, ^117mSn are used for therapeutic purposes, depending on the type, location and magnitude of the lesions and the availability of the radioisotope. At present, radiopharmaceutical development centers on combining these radioisotopes with various biomolecules to improve their properties and broaden their field of application.

Keywords : radioisotopes; radiopharmaceuticals; diagnosis; radiotherapy; bone system.

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