Abstract

ARELLANO PEREZ VERTTI, Rubén Daniel; ARGUELLO ASTORGA, Jesús Rafael; HERNANDEZ TERAN, Fernando  and  GARCIA SALCEDO, José Javier. Risk factors for knee osteoarthritis in a Mexican population. Rev Cubana Ortop Traumatol [online]. 2013, vol.27, n.1, pp.22-32. ISSN 0864-215X.

Introduction: knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common and disabling joint disorders of the musculoskeletal system that affects any ethnic group and causes diverse degrees of disability. Different risk factors have been related to the development and progression of the disease such as age, genetic factors, occupational factors, trauma, menopause, diabetes mellitus, obesity, gender and bad alignment of the extremities among others. The distinction of these factors in an individual or group form is important in order to prevent or diagnose and treat the disease and make an early diagnosis of it. Objective: to determine the frequency and association of risk factors for knee osteoarthritis in a case-control study in a Mexican population. Methods: a case-control study was performed by analyzing the association between different risk factors and the primary knee osteoarthritis from February 2010 to February 2012. A total of 440 people that were assessed by Orthopaedics were included establishing, in 218 of them, the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis according to The American College of Rheumatology and Kellgren-Lawrence radiologic criteria. 222 healthy controls were included as well. Results: in this study, age and menopause were associated as significant risk factors for the development of knee osteoarthritis (p= 0.00, OR 2.107, CI 95 % 1.338-3.320; p= 0.002, OR 2.722, CI 95 % 1.464-5.060, respectively). Smoking habit was associated as a protective factor in women (p= 0.025, OR 0.408, CI 95 % 0.186-0.892). Conclusions: to our knowledge, this is the first case-control study in Mexicans which results suggest menopause and age as risk factors for the probability to develop knee osteoarthritis.

Keywords : knee osteoarthritis; risk factors; Mexicans.

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