Abstract

MARTINEZ DE LA PARTE, Einar  and  PEREZ VICENTE, Luis. Incidence of fungal diseases in cocoa plantations of cuban western provinces. Rev. Protección Veg. [online]. 2015, vol.30, n.2, pp.87-96. ISSN 1010-2752.

During a phytopathological survey in twenty cacao farms in the western region of Cuba, four farms in Granma and sixteen in Guantanamo provinces were visited and samples of symptomatic pods, leaves, stem cankers, galls and other diseases symptoms. were taken. The samples were disinfected (NaOCl, 3%), rinsed with sterile distilled water and placed in humid chambers or cultured in plates with water agar + vancomicin (200 ug/ml) and on PDA supplemented with benomyl (50 ppm) and streptomycin (100 ppm). The most frequent species detected were Lasiodiplodia theobromae Griffiths & Maubl. (90%), Phytophthora palmivora (E.J. Butler) (85%), and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. (70%). Typical isolations of P. tropicalis were not found. P. palmivora black pod disease (65%), Lasiodiplodia pod rot caused by L. theobromae (55%), and anthracnose by C. gloeosporioides (55%) were the diseases with higher incidence. Cercospora sp. (20%) and Phomopsis sp.(10%) leaf spots, Phytophthora stem canker (15%), dieback by L. theobromae (10%) and cushion gall (green-point gall, flowered cushion gall and fan gall) (10%) by F. decemcellulare were also detected. This latter fungus was associated with fan gall with offshoots growth resembling tiny witches' brooms in Baracoa province. The presence in Cuba of Moniliophthora perniciosa associated with this symptomatology was discarded.

Keywords : buba; Colletotrichum; Fusarium; Lasiodiplodia; Phytophthora.

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