Abstract

CHAVEZ VIAMONTES, José Angel; QUINONES HERNANDEZ, Judith; PAULINO BASULTO, Raynier  and  BERNARDEZ HERNANDEZ, Oscar. Congenital defects in minors of one year of life. AMC [online]. 2010, vol.14, n.1, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: the absence of epidemic data about the congenital defects in Gambia motivated to study the clinical features of the congenital defects and associated factors. Objective: to identify epidemic features and associated factors to greater congenital defects, in the Educational Hospital Royal Victoria of Banjul, from January to June 2008. Method: an analytic retrospective study of cases and controls was performed. The universe was constituted by one-thousand sixty seven minors of one year of life. The sample remain conformed by sixty-two patients, infants with greater congenital defects and sixty two controls, healthy infants, of the same sex and born the same month that the cases. The regression coefficients of the independent variables were taken into account as the influence of these in the presence of congenital anomalies, it were considered significant those of smaller probability than 0.05. Results: the estimate incidence of congenital defects was of 1:17, with masculine proportion of 1, 06 for one feminine. The Wolof ethnic group represented 38,71% of the malformed patients. The cardiovascular apparatus and the central nervous system were the most affected ones constituting 25% and 16,6% respectively. The hyperthermia and anemia in pregnancy presented statistical significance as associated factors to the appearance of greater congenital defects. Conclusions: although a high incidence of congenital defects was found, its occurrence was not aberrant or unexpected. The anemia and the hyperthermia in mothers were statistically associated with the presence of congenital defects, but it is needed of most covered studies for an appropriate focus of risk and to establish relationships of causation.

Keywords : congenital abnormalities.

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