Abstract

ARDILA MEDINA, Carlos Martín; BOTERO ZULUAGA, Leticia  and  GUZMAN ZULUAGA, Isabel Cristina. Association between chronic periodontitis and high blood glucose levels in non-diabetic patients. AMC [online]. 2014, vol.18, n.5, pp.507-518. ISSN 1025-0255.

ABSTRACT Background: inflammatory mediators originated by periodontitis interfere with the action of insulin receptors. Objective: to evaluate the association between periodontitis and the blood glucose levels in non-diabetic patients. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted; the universe was composed of 94 patients: 80 with chronic periodontitis and 14 controls without periodontitis. A complete periodontal exam that evaluated the most important periodontal parameters was made. A fasting blood sample was taken from each patient through a venous puncture in the right arm and subsequently processed to obtain the glucose levels. Results: none of the individuals from the group of patients without periodontitis presented high fasting blood glucose levels; on the other hand, in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis a total of 22 individuals (23 %) presented high blood glucose levels (p<0.05). A greatest depth at probing and a greatest loss of clinical insertion were observed in patients with periodontitis and impaired glucose compared with the group of patients with periodontitis and normal blood glucose levels. The raw logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant association between chronic periodontitis and high blood glucose levels (OR= 1,087; an interval of trust of 95 % 1,010-1,168). This association was maintained after adjusting by means of the variables of confusion. Conclusions: high blood glucose levels are a risk factor for chronic periodontitis in non-diabetic patients in the studied population. This finds show as well the need of implementing routine medical and blood exams in patients with chronic periodontitis with the aim of evaluating signs and symptoms that allow identifying an abnormal metabolism of the glucose.

Keywords : INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS; CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; RECEPTOR, INSULIN; RISK FACTORS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES.

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