Abstract

DE LA ROSA, José M  and  ACOSTA SILVA, Marisleydis. Possible cardiovascular risk factors in patients with arterial hypertension in three neighbourhoods from Esmeraldas, Ecuador. AMC [online]. 2017, vol.21, n.3, pp.361-369. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: high blood pressure can be prevented by modifying risk factors related to the behavior of people. In the city of Esmeraldas, Ecuador, studies have not been carried out to know what factors are affecting this medical condition. Objective: to determine the possible cardiovascular risk factors present in the hypertensive population of three neighborhoods of the Esmeraldas canton. Methods: a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study was carried out between February and August 2016. The sample consisted of 36 hypertensive patients from the 85 documented cases in the three neighborhoods, to whom a survey with 15 closed questions was applied. The variables used were biological age, cardiovascular risk factors and lack of knowledge of the risks by the sample studied. Results: the highest incidence was found in the age group between 41 to 60 years of age, with 61,1 % and the female gender was the most affected by hypertension, with 68,3 %; The most frequent cardiovascular risk factors were sedentary lifestyle, with 63,8 % and stress with 50 %, followed by diets high in sodium with 44,4 %. Another finding was the lack of knowledge about the disease. Conclusions: there are multiple cardiovascular risk factors that accompany the hypertensive population studied; some of these factors, such as sedentary lifestyle or obesity, are direct determinants of the response to the disease, and these, associated with other conditions, could have a significant impact on their cardiovascular prognosis.

Keywords : HYPERTENSION; RISK FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; ADULT; EPIDEMIOLOGY, DESCRIPTIVE.

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