Introduction:

Fetal macrosomia has traditionally been defined by an arbitrary birth weight. Fetal macrosomia, whether defined by borderline weight or large for gestational age, is associated with numerous perinatal and maternal complications.

Objective:

To describe the risk factors associated with fetal macrosomia in deliveries at Ana Betancourt de Mora Provincial Gyneco-Obstetric University Hospital during 2019.

Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out. The study universe was made up of all pregnant women who had newborns with a birth weight greater than or equal to 4 000 grams, which amounted to 526 pregnant women. Descriptive statistics were used. Average and standard deviation were calculated for the quantitative variables.

Results:

The studied pregnant women had an average age of 27.86 years and an average BMI at uptake of 26.77 with an average value of weight gain of 13.68 Kg. Between 26 and 35 years there were 290 pregnant women with newborn macrosomic births, with respect to parity those who give birth without experience of this brought together 222 gravid women. In pregnant women classified as overweight with a gain of 10 to 15 kg, 104 of the macrosomic newborns are gathered. Regarding the type of delivery, cesarean section represented 61.4%. The presence of gestational or pregestational diabetes and preeclampsia, respectively, was observed in 40 pregnant women.

Conclusions:

The excessive weight gain in pregnant women with nutritional evaluation of overweight or obese were those that had the highest incidence in the genesis of macrosomia in newborns.

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