Introduction:

The esophagus malignancies constitute benign or malignant lesions that affect the different layers of the organ.

Objective:

To characterize patients with esophagus premalignant lesions found in oral endoscopy, according to selected variables.

Methods:

An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the Gastroenterology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, during 2015. The universe was constituted by 57 patients aged 20 and over, with endoscopic and histologic diagnosis of esophagus premalignant lesion. The analyzed variables were: age, sex, esophagus premalignant lesions, degree of esophagitis and histologic diagnosis.

Results:

The endoscopy showed a prevalence of the esophagitis by reflux in patients aged 62 and over (61.7 %), as well as of the grade A of Los Angeles classification in both sexes (39.7 and 30.1% of women and men, respectively). According to the histologic diagnosis there was a prevalence of chronic esophagitis (48.4 %) and chronic esophagitis with dysplasia (17.1 %).

Conclusions:

The identification of patients with esophagus premalignant lesions constitutes the starting point for future preventive and interventionists actions, aimed at diminishing the incidence of esophagus cancer.

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