Abstract

BENITEZ GONZALEZ, Yoandra  and  VERDECIA RAMIREZ, Marileydis. Presentation of a Patient with Perineal Obstetric Tear. ccm [online]. 2017, vol.21, n.2, pp.583-590. ISSN 1560-4381.

A review of obstetric perineal tear was carried out, motivated by the presentation of a case attended at the Coloproctology Consultation of the General Provincial Hospital Vladimir ILich Lenin in December of 2015. The patient was a white woman of 29 years of rural origin, who was about eight years had a dystocic instrumental delivery, with complication of a tearing of the perineum muscles, which caused anal incontinence and difficulty to sexual intercourse. Once diagnosed as a grade IV perianal tear, a preoperative check was performed, followed by elective ambulatory surgery with local infiltrative anesthesia. A perianal reconstruction was performed and was followed on an outpatient consultation to avoid the occurrence of late complications. The patient had a satisfactory evolution with medical discharge at 60 days. The onset of this condition occurs in about 0.4% to 5% of vaginal deliveries, the most common cause associated with severe perineal lacerations is episiotomy. The incidence of grade III or IV tears is from 9% to 27% in medial tears. Episiotomy, as seen in this and other studies, does not protect the sphincter and its use should not be routine, but elective. Obstetric trauma is the main and almost exclusive cause of injuries at the level of the perineal musculature with variable repercussions on fecal continence.

Keywords : perineal tear; obstetric trauma; anal incontinence.

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