Abstract

PEREDA CHAVEZ, Hernán et al. Behavior of congenital defects in San Luis municipality. Rev Ciencias Médicas [online]. 2012, vol.16, n.4, pp.13-24. ISSN 1561-3194.

Introduction: With the advances of obstetric and neonatal care, congenital defects at birth have led to a relative increase in child   morbidity and mortality all over the world.  Objectives: to assess the incidence of congenital malformations in San Luis municipality during 2000-2009 and to classify them regarding the systems or apparatus affected, to precise the effectiveness of prenatal diagnosis, the decision making of the couple after the diagnosis and repercussion on infant mortality.  Material and method: a retrospective and descriptive study about the congenital defects diagnosed during prenatal periods and after birth at “Epifanio Rojas Gil” polyclinic in San Luis municipality; that was carried out throughout 2000-2009 using the records of prenatal diagnosis in the genetic services, which enriched the analysis of the cases assessed in the clinical genetic office.  Results: the incidence of congenital defects diminished during the second five-year period, showing a much better control and follow-up of women in fertile ages and pregnant women. The majority of the defects were prenatally diagnosed (60%) where ultrasound along with alpha fetoprotein [AFP] analysis were the most effective diagnosis means, mainly during the last five years. Cardiovascular malformations and neural tube defect closure were the most frequent. The rate of infant mortality related to congenital defects was low, however 2003 showed the greatest incidence, prevailing the defects in cardiovascular system, no cases were reported during the last five-year period.  Conclusions: decentralization of genetic services allowed improvements in prevention, early diagnosis and survival of newborn carrying congenital defects in San Luis municipality.

Keywords : Prenatal diagnosis [methods].

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