Abstract

ABELINO CASTILLO, Yudelca Esperanza et al. Risk factors in the thromboembolic diseases in puerperae. Rev Ciencias Médicas [online]. 2013, vol.17, n.6, pp.2-14. ISSN 1561-3194.

Introduction: the thromboembolic disease is one of the main maternal morbidity and mortality causes in developed countries. Objective: to determine the risk factors of the thromboembolic disease during the postpartum period in puerperae with risk admitted at Abel Santamaria Cuadrado General Hospital from January to December 2011, in order to decrease incidence rate. Material and method: an observational, longintudinal, analytic and applied study was carried out. Out of a target group of 5,598 pueperae, the final sample was ramdomly made up of 47 patients and 23 controls. The information was obtained from personal clinical records. To analyze the variants, we used percetage and odds ratio calculation, confidence interval, and the chi-squared test. Results: the risk of thromboembolitic disease was irrespective of matern age and parity, but it was 23.57 times greater in those who use oral contraceptives, as well as in the 31.9% of the patients with venous insufficiency, and in the 73.4% of cesarean section patients and with superficial venous thrombosis, cases in which pain, edema and tachycardia predominated. Conclusions: the thrombophilic state requires close watching in pospartum period, in order to detect the most frequent risk factors of the venous trhomboembolic disease (use of oral contraceptives, cesarean section patients and those with venous insufficiency), being the prophylactic treatment the cornerstone of trhombotic episodes prevention.

Keywords : Thrombosis; Postpartum period; Cesarean section; Oral contraceptives.

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