Abstract

PEREZ VICENTE, Luis; BATLLE VIERA, Alicia; CHACON BENAZET, Julio  and  MONTENEGRO MORACEN, Virgen. Efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum A34 in Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. cubense Biocontrol , Causal Agent of Fusarium wilt or Panama Disease of Bananas in Cuba. Fitosanidad [online]. 2009, vol.13, n.4, pp.259-264. ISSN 1562-3009.

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc ) is one of the most important diseases of banana. The replacement in Cuba of resistant Cavendish banana and plantains (AAB) by FHIA hybrids, Pisang awak and Burro CEMSA (ABB) due to the impact of black Sigatoka, lead to the re-emergence of the disease. The efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum isolate A34 was studied on containers andproduction fields previously devastated by the disease. Inoculum was reproduced in erlenmeyers with 20 g of sterilized rice and water at 1:1 (v/p), inoculated with 2 mL of Foc conidia from pure cultures. The reproduction of the antagonist were carried out on a sterilized solid substrate composed by a mixture 2:1 (w/w) of pulled rice residues with rice husk, sugarcane milled stalks residues and water in 1:1 (v/ w) proportion. Treatments of control have been carried out in commercial plantations of El Sitio, Palma Soriano. Trichoderma harzianum A34 showed marked inhibition of Fusarium wilt frequency and severity. In experiments in tanks the application of the biocontrol a week before the inoculation with Foc gave complete control of the pathogen. The applications of 20 g of a formulation of 8 x 109 conidia · mL_1 of the biocontrol at planting and after removal of diseased plants, brought a control higher than 95% on plots of Burro CEMSA and FHIA 03 previously destroyed by the disease in conducible soils of commercial plantations.

Keywords : Fusarium wilt; Panamá disease; Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; biocontrol; Trichoderma harzianum A34.

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