Resumo

BRUNET-RAMOS, Sheila de la Caridad; JIMENEZ-HERNANDEZ, Janet; PEDRAZA-GARCIGA, Julio  e  LOPEZ-GONZALEZ, Lisbet Mailin. Microalgae-bacterial consortia for the biological purification of biogas. RTQ [online]. 2021, vol.41, n.2, pp.277-295.  Epub 30-Jul-2021. ISSN 2224-6185.

ABSTRACT

Biogas is a fuel gas obtained from the anaerobic digestion of biomass and has great potential for the production of electrical energy and heat. The impurities presents in biogas are harmful to the equipment that uses it, being methane the most important compound. There are various methods of biogas purification: physicochemical methods, biological methods and membrane separation. Physicochemical technologies have high costs compared to biological methods. The latter are generally of oxidation, obtaining CO2, water, SO4 -2 and NO3 -. The symbiotic microalgae - bacteria technology is proposed as an alternative to eliminate CO2 and H2S simultaneously, with low energy cost and environmental impact. Microalgae produce O2 and favors the elimination of NO3 -, PO4 3- and metal ions. Microalgae have a rapid growth rate doubling their biomass in periods of 3,5 h with harvest cycles of 1 to 10 days. They are characterized by the efficient capture of CO2, 1 kg of biomass can fix approximately 1,83 kg of CO2. They can grow in wastewater, contributing to the removal of nutrients throughout the year. Although microalgae have a high adaptability, it is essential to control variables that affect their development, such as: light, temperature, aeration, pH, CO2 concentration, among others. The combined use of microalgae and bacteria also allows obtaining by-products with high added value, in the biorefinery concept.

Palavras-chave : biogas; purification; microalgae - bacteria; biomass.

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