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Cultivos Tropicales
On-line version ISSN 1819-4087
cultrop vol.41 no.1 La Habana Jan.-Mar. 2020 Epub Mar 01, 2020
Report of new cultivar
SOYIG-20 and SOYIG-22: new varieties of soya (Glycine max L. Merrill) introduced to the climatic conditions of Cuba
1Instituto de Investigaciones de Granos. Autopista Novia del Mediodía Km 16 ½, Bauta, Artemisa. Cuba
Some phenological, morphological and agronomic characteristics of the soy varieties SOYIG-20 and SOYIG-22, two new soybean cultivars, obtained by selection at the Grain Research Institute, from cultivars introduced from Vietnam are presented in summary. These materials have short crop cycle characteristics, good height for mechanized cutting and good yield potential, in addition to their adaptability in various areas of Cuba. They were the most prominent during the validation process.
Key words: Characteristics; cultivars; introduction
INTRODUCTION
The production of (Glycine max L. Merrill), soybeans in Cuba requires new cultivars adapted to the conditions of the tropical climate, with short cycles, mechanized cutting possibilities and high yield potential. The availability by the producers of varieties with these characteristics will guarantee high productions with low inputs, so it is feasible for Cuban agriculture. For this reason, two SOYIG-20 and SOYIG-22 materials were obtained by selection and were incorporated into the country's varietal strategy.
DESCRIPTION
The SOYIG-20 and SOYIG-22 cultivars come from the selection program made from two lines introduced to the country through cooperation with Vietnam. The seed expansion was carried out by self-fertilization during three campaigns in the different experimental stations, (Granma, Camagüey and Sancti Spiritus) and areas of the Grain Research Institute.
The main morphological, phenological and agronomic characteristics of the SOYIG-20 and SOYIG-22 soy varieties are presented in (Table 1) in a summarized way.
General characters | Variety | |
---|---|---|
SOYIG-20 | SOYIG-22 | |
Growth type | Determined | Determined |
Bearing plant | Erect to semirect | Erect to semirect |
Pubescence color of the main stem | Gray | Brown |
Plant. Height | It goes down to 50 cm in winter and High + 80 cm in summer | It goes down to 50 cm in Winter and High + 80 cm in summer |
Leaf, intensity of green color | Medium | Medium |
Flower color | Violet | White |
Intensity of the sheath brown color | Dark | Medium |
Seed. Size | Large | Median |
Seed. Form | Sub-spherical | Sub-spherical |
Grain background color | Yellow | Yellow |
Seed. Thread color | Light brown | Light brown |
Plant: date of beginning of flowering (50 % plants with at least one flower open) | Early in winter and Average in summer | Early in winter and Average in summer |
Plant: date of the beginning of maturity | Medium | Medium |
Cycle of the variety. | ||
Biological | Flowering at 31-37 days. | Flowering at 28-30 days. |
Physiological maturity 90 days. | Physiological maturity 90 days. | |
Productive | 90-95 days. | Productive: 90-95 days. |
Number of pods per plant | 45 in summer and 42 in winter | 45 in summer and 33 in winter |
Number of seeds per pod | 2-3 | 2-3 |
Weight of 100 grains at 14 % humidity. | 19.3 grams | 16.3 grams |
Potential performance | 2.5-3.0 t ha-1 | 2.5-3.5 t ha-1 |
Planting time | Winter and summer. | Winter and summer. |
Sowing frame | 0.5; 0.6 and 0.7 cm x 0.5-0.10cm, between 20-25 plants per linear meter for a population of 330.000-400.000 plants/ha. | 0.5; 0.6 and 0.7 cm x 0.5-0.10cm, between 20-25 plants per linear meter for a population of 330.000-400.000 plants/ha. |
Affectations by flattening and shelling | It is affected by shelling | It is affected by shelling |
Received: July 24, 2018; Accepted: January 15, 2020